PHIL 447 Week 6 Quiz

1. (TCO 1 & 5) Which kind of inductive reasoning is being used in the following sample?
Movie stars are overpaid. Television stars are probably overpaid, too. (Points : 4)
Generalizing from a sample
*Arguing from analogy
Reasoning from general to general
Using a statistical syllogism

Question 2. 2. (TCO 1 & 5) Which kind of inductive reasoning is being used in the following sample?
I spent last night at that hotel and was never once bitten by a bedbug. There are no bedbugs in that hotel. (Points : 4)
* Generalizing from a sample
Arguing from analogy
Reasoning from general to general
Using a statistical syllogism

Question 3. 3. (TCO 6 & 7) Identify the inductive fallacy in the following example: Hardworking Americans need change now! (Points : 4)
Slanted question
*Self-selection fallacy
Weak analogy
Vague generality


Question 4. 4. (TCO 2) Identify the error in causal reasoning in the following example: Nobody has proven that UFOs did not cause crop circles. (Points : 4)
* Proof by absence of disproof
Appeal to anecdote
Overlooking statistical regression
Confusing conditional probabilities

Question 5. 5. (TCO 5) Identify the method of forming a causal hypothesis in the following example: Smoking is related to incidence of specific diseases. Medical data show that smokers are more likely to get emphysema, lung cancer, throat cancer, and heart disease, and get them younger than are nonsmokers. These reports show that smoking is a likely cause for these diseases.
(Points : 4)
* Method of difference
Method of agreement
Best diagnosis method
None of the above